Picture from:- www.the-respiratory-pulse.org.ve
4.1 Explain The Mechanisms For Regulating Ventilation
and Pulse Rates
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This blog is discussing what is needed to regulate ventilation and pulse rates, it is a result of homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. Our heart rate can be increased due to the amount of adrenalin that is in the blood stream, it can also be increased from the nerves from the sympathetic nervous systems. This can also increase the stroke volume, the nerves are stimulated by an increase in the carbon dioxide levels in the blood stream. The rise in the level of carbon dioxide comes from the increased release of oxygen in the cells, the way in which this occurs is as follows. There is an increase of the CO2 levels in the blood stream, this is then picked up on by the chemoreceptrs on the cartoid body. The chemoreceptors then send impulses to the cardiac acceleratory centre, this is in the medulla part of the brain. From here the cardiac acceleratory centre then sends impulses by way of the sympathetic nervous system to the sino atrial node in the heart, this is the accelerator. This then causes the release of the hormone noradrenline at the sino atrial node, this is what makes the heart beat faster.
Our cardiac output can also decrease, this is done by nerves from the parasympathetic nervous system. The nervous are stimulated due to a fall in the level of carbon dioxide. This happens as follows, the level of CO2 drops in the blood stream, this is noted by the chemoreceptors that then send impulses to the cardiac inhibitory centre in the medulla. From there impulses are sent by way of the parasympathetic nervous system to the sino atrial node in the heart. This then results in the impulses releasing the hormone aceytlcholine at the sino atrial node, this hormone then decreases the heart beat and stroke volume.
The higher the CO2 in our body the more we breath in, but the lower the CO2 in the blood stream the less we breath in. We breath in more when we exercise because this is what increases our CO2 levels and we breath less when we are asleep because we are at rest and our CO2 levels are lower.
Overall if we have a high concentration level of CO2 levels in our system we breath in a lot more which increases our heart rate which could put to much pressure on our heart if it regularly happens, but if carried out as a regular but sensible programme then it can help strengthen the heart and help with our respiratory system, decreasing the risk of heart problems, strokes and respiratory problems.
and Pulse Rates
------------------------------------------------------
This blog is discussing what is needed to regulate ventilation and pulse rates, it is a result of homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. Our heart rate can be increased due to the amount of adrenalin that is in the blood stream, it can also be increased from the nerves from the sympathetic nervous systems. This can also increase the stroke volume, the nerves are stimulated by an increase in the carbon dioxide levels in the blood stream. The rise in the level of carbon dioxide comes from the increased release of oxygen in the cells, the way in which this occurs is as follows. There is an increase of the CO2 levels in the blood stream, this is then picked up on by the chemoreceptrs on the cartoid body. The chemoreceptors then send impulses to the cardiac acceleratory centre, this is in the medulla part of the brain. From here the cardiac acceleratory centre then sends impulses by way of the sympathetic nervous system to the sino atrial node in the heart, this is the accelerator. This then causes the release of the hormone noradrenline at the sino atrial node, this is what makes the heart beat faster.
Our cardiac output can also decrease, this is done by nerves from the parasympathetic nervous system. The nervous are stimulated due to a fall in the level of carbon dioxide. This happens as follows, the level of CO2 drops in the blood stream, this is noted by the chemoreceptors that then send impulses to the cardiac inhibitory centre in the medulla. From there impulses are sent by way of the parasympathetic nervous system to the sino atrial node in the heart. This then results in the impulses releasing the hormone aceytlcholine at the sino atrial node, this hormone then decreases the heart beat and stroke volume.
The higher the CO2 in our body the more we breath in, but the lower the CO2 in the blood stream the less we breath in. We breath in more when we exercise because this is what increases our CO2 levels and we breath less when we are asleep because we are at rest and our CO2 levels are lower.
Overall if we have a high concentration level of CO2 levels in our system we breath in a lot more which increases our heart rate which could put to much pressure on our heart if it regularly happens, but if carried out as a regular but sensible programme then it can help strengthen the heart and help with our respiratory system, decreasing the risk of heart problems, strokes and respiratory problems.
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